Since December 2024, intensifi ed fi ghting between the FARDC and M23 rebels in North and South Kivu has worsened the humanitarian crisis, displacing over 400,000 people in the past three weeks, adding to the 4 million already displaced. Cross-border movements to Rwanda and Burundi have increased, and Ugandan troops have been deployed in Ituri province, north-eastern DRC, further shifting the security dynamics. Fighting persists in Kamanyola (South Kivu) and Lubero Centre (North Kivu), forcing mass civilian displacement.